Funding freeze leaves eastern Germany out in the cold
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Freeze-out configuration in multifragmentation
The excitation energy and the nuclear density at the time of breakup are extracted for the α + Au reaction at beam energies of 1 and 3.6 GeV/nucleon. These quantities are calculated from the average relative velocity of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) at large correlation angles as a function of the multiplicity of IMFs using a statistical model coupled with many-body Coulomb trajectory calcu...
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ONLY A FEW months after the Berlin Wall came down in the fall of 1989, the West German government decided that it should establish a currency union with East Germany. I Shortly thereafter, the West and East German governments agreed to economic, monetary, and social union. By July 1991, the State Treaty, which formalized the union, came into force; by October, the German Democratic Republic cea...
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Investigation of the final hadronic state properties of ultrarelativistics pp and Au+Au collisions supplies information on freeze-out conditions at RHIC and possible insights into early stages of these collisions. A variety of particle spectra measured by STAR are studied within the framework of chemical and local kinetic equlibrium models. Here we present the extracted chemical and final kinet...
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The decoupling and freeze-out of energetic nuclear collisions is analysed in terms of transparent semi-classical decoupling formulae. They provide a smooth transition and generalise frequently employed instantaneous freeze-out procedures. Simple relations between the damping width and the duration of the decoupling process are presented and the implications on various physical phenomena arising...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/420452a